Daim ntawv ceeb toom ntawm Kev Tshaj Tawm Txog Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Plastics (tom qab no hu ua tsab ntawv ceeb toom) ua rau kev npaj rau kev txhim kho cov pa phem ntxiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua kom tiav cov hom phiaj thiab cov dej num ua tiav thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2020. Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Yim Hli, txhua lub zos yuav nthuav tawm tshwj xeeb. Kev soj ntsuam kev cai lij choj ntawm kev txhawb nqa cov kev txwv yas thiab kev txwv hauv cov chaw tseem ceeb xws li khw malls, supermarkets, khw fairs thiab catering kev lag luam.
Ua txoj haujlwm zoo hauv kev tswj cov pa phem. Dab tsi yog cov hom phiaj theem thiab cov haujlwm ua tiav thaum kawg ntawm 2020? Lub cib fim thiab cov teeb meem dab tsi nws yuav coj mus rau cov yas, ntim khoom thiab lwm yam lag luam? Tus neeg sau xov xwm xam phaj cov kws tshaj lij.
Ntau yam khoom siv yas pov tseg raug txwv thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo
Thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo no, "kev xav txog Kev Txhim Kho Ntxiv Kev Tswj Xyuas Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob" tau tshaj tawm thiab ua tiav. Zhang Deyuan, tus kws tshawb fawb koom nrog ntawm Macroeconomic Research Institute, ntseeg tias piv nrog txoj cai hauv xyoo 2007, "txoj cai tshiab txwv tsis pub siv yas" tau tsim ib txoj cai tswjfwm uas npog tag nrho lub neej ntawm cov khoom yas ntau lawm, ncig, noj thiab pov tseg, qhib lub neej tag nrho. txoj kev tshiab ntawm kev tswj cov pa phem yas hauv Suav teb.
Ua ntej saib ntawm cov khoom siv. Raws li "kev txwv txiav yas tshiab", nws yog txwv tsis pub tsim thiab muag cov hnab yas ultra-nyias nrog lub thickness tsawg dua 0.025 hli thiab polyethylene ua liaj ua teb mulch nrog thickness ntawm tsawg dua 0.01 mm. Kev ntshuam ntawm cov yas pov tseg yog txwv tsis pub. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo no, kev tsim thiab muag khoom ntawm cov khoom siv pov tseg foamed yas tableware thiab cov hnab yas pov tseg yuav raug txwv; Kev tsim cov khoom siv tshuaj txhua hnub uas muaj cov hlaws yas yog txwv tsis pub.
Ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo no, khw malls, supermarkets, khw muag tshuaj, khw muag ntawv, catering ntim thiab nqa tawm cov kev pabcuam thiab ntau yam kev ua yeeb yam hauv thaj chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov nroog ncaj qha rau hauv nruab nrab tsoomfwv, lub nroog cov nroog thiab cov nroog tshwj xeeb. raug xaiv nyob rau hauv lub xeev txoj kev npaj yuav txwv tsis pub siv cov hnab yas uas tsis degradable, thiab kev siv cov hnab yas uas tsis degradable nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam kev lag luam yuav raug standardized thiab txwv; Kev siv cov straw yas uas tsis yog degradable pov tseg yog txwv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam catering thoob teb chaws; Kev siv cov khoom siv yas uas tsis yog degradable pov tseg yog txwv tsis pub nyob rau hauv cov kev pabcuam catering hauv cov chaw tsim thiab cov chaw zoo nkauj ntawm cov nroog saum toj kawg nkaus qib.
Txhawm rau kom ua raws li "txoj cai tshiab ntawm kev txwv cov yas", cuaj lub chaw haujlwm tsis ntev los no tau tshaj tawm "daim ntawv ceeb toom" thiab tshaj tawm cov txheej txheem ntxaws txog kev txwv thiab kev tswj hwm kev txwv.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, txoj cai tswjfwm txuas mus ntxiv thiab rov hais txog ntau yam uas tau txwv tsis pub dhau los ntawm cov cai dhau los. Piv txwv li, ultra-nyias lub hnab ntim khoom nrog lub thickness tsawg dua 0. . Pov tseg foamed yas tableware kuj tau teev nyob rau hauv cov khoom tshem tawm ntawm Kev Taw Qhia Catalog rau kev hloov kho qauv (2019 Tsab).
Ntawm qhov tod tes, txoj cai tau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab tau txiav txim siab txog kev txwv ntawm qee yam. Piv txwv li, nws yog qhov tseeb tias "cov khoom siv tshuaj niaj hnub uas muaj cov hlaws yas" feem ntau yog xa mus rau qee cov neeg ua dej da dej, cov tshuaj ntxuav lub ntsej muag, cov tshuaj txhuam hniav, tshuaj zawv plaub hau thiab lwm yam tshuaj ntxuav tes, tshuaj txhuam hniav thiab cov hmoov txhuam hniav, thiab qhov loj ntawm cov hlaws yas yog teev. Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce nyob hauv tsev uas tsis ua raws li cov cai txwv tsis pub suav nrog hauv qhov txwv tsis pub. Lwm qhov piv txwv yog "cov hnab yas uas tsis tuaj yeem degradable", uas tsis suav nrog cov hnab yas ua ntej ntim, cov hnab ntim txuas ntxiv thiab cov hnab ntim tshiab rau cov khoom noj tshiab, cov zaub mov siav, nplej zom thiab lwm yam khoom siv; Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xwm txheej txwv tsis pub txwv rau cov khw muag khoom, khw muag khoom loj, khw muag tshuaj, khw muag khoom noj, ntim khoom noj thiab nqa tawm, kev ua yeeb yam, thiab lwm yam, thiab lwm yam xwm txheej siv tsis tau them rau lub sijhawm.
"Cov txheej txheem ntxaws ntxaws tau txiav txim siab txog qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev tsim khoom thiab khoom siv, ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab ua kom muaj kev vam meej ntawm txoj cai." Zhang Lijun, tus lwm thawj coj ntawm Tuam Tshoj Federation of Commerce, tau hais.
Teem caij zam kev zam thiab muab lub sijhawm tsis muaj
Kev kho cov pa phem ntawm cov yas yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho kev nkag siab ntawm qhov ceev thiab lub luag haujlwm, tab sis kuj coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov ua tau zoo thiab paub txog kev tswj hwm kev tshawb fawb.
Daim ntawv ceeb toom xav kom txhua lub zos tshaj tawm cov phiaj xwm kev siv hauv lub xeev los ntawm nruab nrab Lub Yim Hli txhawm rau txhim kho thiab decompose cov dej num thiab lub luag haujlwm compact ntawm txhua qib; Hais kom cov nroog hauv nroog, cov nroog tshwj xeeb uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xeev txoj kev npaj thiab cov nroog saum toj kawg nkaus hauv cheeb tsam los tshuaj xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas cov teeb meem tseem ceeb thiab nyuaj hauv ntau qhov chaw, kawm thiab muab tso rau kev ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb ntsuas kev txhawb nqa nrog rau cov xwm txheej hauv zos, tsom mus rau cov hom phiaj theem. los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 2020, txhawm rau xyuas kom meej tias cov hom phiaj thiab cov dej num tau ua tiav raws sijhawm.
Ua tib zoo xav txog qhov sib txawv, lub voj voog tsis koom nrog "ib qhov loj me haum txhua qhov". Wen zongguo, tus xibfwb ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm Tsinghua University, ntseeg tias daim ntawv ceeb toom yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cheeb tsam thiab kev lag luam, muab cov kev sib txawv ntawm kev tswj hwm, ua raws li cov hauv paus hauv lub tebchaws thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho cov kev ntsuas hauv zos, thiab maj mam siv cov kev ntsuas kev kho mob dav dav.
Noj cov hnab yas uas tsis degradable ua piv txwv, los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 2020, khw khw, khw muag khoom, khw muag tshuaj, khw muag khoom noj, ntim khoom noj thiab cov kev pabcuam thauj khoom thiab ntau yam kev ua yeeb yam hauv thaj chaw tsim kho hauv nroog ncaj qha los ntawm tsoomfwv hauv nroog, cov nroog loj thiab cov nroog uas muaj kev npaj sib cais yuav raug "tso cai", thaum lub khw ncaj ncees yuav raug "tswj thiab txwv". Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2022, qhov kev siv ntawm "txiav txim siab" yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau txhua qhov chaw tsim kho hauv nroog saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm qib prefecture thiab lub nroog tsim cov cheeb tsam hauv cov ntug dej hiav txwv.
Ua kom tiav tag nrho ntawm qhov ua tau, tsab ntawv ceeb toom kuj teeb tsa qhov xwm txheej zam. Piv txwv li, cov hnab yas uas siv tau pov tseg tsis suav nrog cov khoom siv kho mob; Hauv kev teb rau cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb rau pej xeem, cov khoom siv yas pov tseg siv rau kev txhawb nqa thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, kev faib khoom thiab kev pabcuam noj zaub mov hauv thaj chaw tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem raug zam los ntawm kev txwv thiab kev txwv. "Txoj kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb thiab cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb rau pej xeem los muab lub sijhawm tsis zoo rau kev hloov pauv ntawm kev lag luam ntau hom thiab cov neeg siv khoom noj." Wen zongguo hais.
Daim ntawv ceeb toom qhia txog tsib yam tseem ceeb, suav nrog kev ntxiv dag zog rau kev saib xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas kev txwv tsis pub tsim thiab muag cov khoom yas, ntxiv dag zog rau kev saib xyuas thiab kev tswj hwm kev txwv thiab txwv cov khoom yas hauv kev muag khoom noj khoom haus, txhawb kev kho mob ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb. zaj duab xis, standardizing lub sau thiab pov tseg ntawm yas pov tseg, thiab nqa tawm tshwj xeeb tu cov yas pov tseg. Nws xav kom peb ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov kev siv.
"Ntau yam uas tsis tshua muaj nqi rov qab los yog nyuaj rau kev faib thiab siv yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa phem yas thiab tus yuam sij rau kev tswj cov pa phem. Daim ntawv ceeb toom tau tsom ntsoov rau ntau hom kev pheej hmoo siab thiab tsom rau kev txhawb nqa." Raws li Zhang Deyuan qhov kev tshuaj xyuas, cov yeeb yaj kiab ua liaj ua teb tsis muaj degradable nrog lub thickness tsawg dua 0.01mm yuav tawg tom qab siv, uas yog ib qho nyuaj heev rau rov qab los, thiab cov tsub zuj zuj ntawm lub xyoo yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau qhov zoo. thaj av cog.
Lwm qhov piv txwv, cov riam uas tsis muaj degradable, rab diav rawg, rab diav thiab straws yog ib qho yooj yim los sib xyaw nrog cov khoom pov tseg, uas ua rau muaj teeb meem rau cov khoom pov tseg tom qab thiab siv cov khoom pov tseg, xws li anaerobic fermentation.
Lub peev xwm ntawm lwm cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau
Zhang Lijun tau qhia tias rau "txoj cai tshiab ntawm kev txwv yas", cov khw muag khoom lag luam tau pib ua qhov zoo thiab tsim ntau txoj hauv kev. Ntau lub khw muag khoom loj tuaj yeem muab cov neeg siv khoom tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig lub hnab ntim khoom. Qee lub khw muag ntawv kuj tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm kev siv cov pob ntawv kraft yooj yim los hloov cov hnab ntim khoom. Txhawm rau txo qis kev siv cov straw yas pov tseg, qee qhov chaw ua noj ua haus tau hloov pauv lub khob haus dej txias thiab hloov ua ke ntawm "straw khob npog" nrog lub khob npog nrog nws tus kheej haus nozzle.
Nws tau kwv yees tias txhua xyoo kev noj cov hnab yas pov tseg, cov straws pov tseg thiab cov riam pov tseg, diav rawg thiab diav hauv cov khw muag khoom noj thiab chaw noj mov hauv thaj chaw muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm theem kawg ntawm xyoo 2020 yog kwv yees li 300000 tons, cov khoom siv raw ntawm non-woven fabrics, ntawv, xyoob thiab lwm yam hloov tau txaus, thiab cov khoom txhua xyoo ntawm degradable plastics yog txog 400000 tons. "Lwm yam khoom muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau." Zhang Lijun hais. Tsis ntev los no, cov koom haum kev lag luam muaj feem cuam tshuam tau koom nrog lwm cov khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab cov khw muag khoom lag luam los ua cov khoom siv-xav tau docking thiab txhawb nqa cov yas txo thiab hloov pauv hauv cov chaw tseem ceeb.
Recyclable packaging, tape free cartons, slimming tape, all biodegradable bag... E-lag luam thiab nthuav qhia cov lag luam tau los nrog cov tswv yim ntse los ua raws li "kev txwv txiav yas tshiab". Zhao Kai, tus lwm thawj coj ntawm Tuam Tshoj Circular Economy Association, tau qhia tias kev tswj cov pa phem ntawm yas kuj tseem yuam cov tuam txhab lag luam los mus tshawb nrhiav cov khoom tshiab thiab cov qauv. Cov tuam txhab lag luam tab tom nqa tawm kev tsim kho ntsuab los ntawm kev khaws cia, ntim khoom, kev thauj mus los, kev xa tawm davhlau ya nyob twg thiab lwm yam txuas.
"Nrog rau kev ua raws li cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws, nws yuav txhawb nqa cov neeg koom tes hauv qab thiab cov dej ntws los sib koom tes los tsim cov saw hlau ntsuab." Zhao Kai hais.
Plastic pollution tswj yog ib txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm. Thaum ua txoj haujlwm zoo hauv kev txo qis, cov tuam haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab cov koom haum kev lag luam yog ib txhij txhawb kev tsim qauv ntawm cov khoom yas, ntxiv dag zog rau kev rov ua dua thiab pov tseg cov pov tseg yas, ntxiv dag zog rau kev kho mob thiab txhawb kev tsim kho lub sijhawm ntev rau kev tswj cov pa phem. .